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This first aid manual is designed to be a comprehensive resource for both pool and beach lifeguards.
The Revised Third Edition includes information on treatment of diving related conditions, along with examples of various report forms and other minor revisions on the Third Edition. It still includes workbook questions at the end of each section to allow progress of candidates to be monitored, along with 100 multiple choice questions covering all aspects of First Aid.
Wherever appropriate techniques are described in relation to lifeguard operations where trained assistance and further equipment is available, however all techniques are also explained in relation to the usual “worst case scenario” that you are on your own. Therefore, although it is targeted towards first aid situations found in lifeguarding, it will also provide you with the skills to apply this to any situation or workplace. The use of some specialist equipment such as AEDs and spinal collars is also explained.
The document may be printed off so you have a paper copy - keeping it loose leaf means that whenever there are changes to protocols for certain treatments updates can be given without the need to reprint the entire manual. Updates will be available to download from this page.
For those reading it on their computer in Adobe Acrobat Reader you can jump between sections and quickly find specific conditions/treatments by using the bookmarks.
- First Aid for Lifeguards - Revised Third Edition (July 2005) (1MB, 79 pages) - NB: this edition does not yet have bookmark tabs set up in Acrobat Reader. We hope to correct this ASAP. Please download the original Third Edition below if you wish to use Acrobat Bookmarks to make viewing on computer easier.
- First Aid for Lifeguards - Third
Edition (May 2004) (885kb, 78 pages)
CONTENTS
What is First Aid? 5
The Aims of First Aid 5
What if the worst happens? 5
Being a First Aider in the Workplace 5
First Aid and the Law 6
Assessing First Aid Needs and Requirements 6
First Aid Kits 6
Record Keeping 7
Accident Record Form 8
Minor First Aid Report Form 8
Patient Report Form 9
SECTION 1 UNDERSTANDING 10
Plan of Action 11
Incident Problems 11
Casualty Problems 11
Calling the Emergency Services 11
Phoning for help 12
Sending someone to phone for help 12
Hygiene and Safety Precautions as a First Aider 12
Casualty Communication 13
Dealing with non-English speaking casualties 13
Dealing with hearing impaired casualties 13
Dealing with visually impaired casualties 13
SECTION 2 UNDERSTANDING 14
Turning a casualty onto his back 15
What to do if the casualty vomits 15
If the casualty is breathing. 15
Placing a casualty into the Recovery Position 16
If the casualty is not breathing. 16
Adult CPR sequence 16
If the casualty has suffered trauma, near drowning, intoxication etc 17
Broken Ribs 17
Resuscitation of a pregnant casualty 17
Two-operator CPR 17
Mouth to nose rescue breathing 17
Mouth to mask rescue breathing 17
Mouth to stoma rescue breathing 17
Use of OP Airways 17
Child CPR 18
Baby CPR 18
Extended Life Support 18
Use of the AED 19
Use of Supplementary Oxygen (including bag/valve/mask) 19
SECTION 3 UNDERSTANDING 20
How do we go about prioritising treatment? 21
Signs 21
Symptoms 21
History 21
Top to toe survey 22
Removal of clothing 22
Monitoring the casualty's level of response 22
The AVPU Scale 22
Casualty Observation Chart 23
Casualty Handling 24
Bodies washed up on shore 24
SECTION 4 UNDERSTANDING 25
Hypoxia 26
Strangulation, throttling and hangin g 26
Suffocation 26
Asthma 27
Gas, smoke and fume inhalation 27
Hyperventilation 27
Drowning 28
Wet drowning 28
Dry drowning 28
Secondary drowning 28
Choking 29
SECTION 5 UNDERSTANDING 30
The Circulatory System 31
Shock 31
Anaphylactic Shock 32
Fainting (Syncope) 32
Angina 33
Heart Attack 33
SECTION 6 UNDERSTANDING 34
Wounds and Bleeding 35
Types of Wounds 35
Types of Bleeding 35
Direct Pressure 36
Embedded objects in wounds 36
Scalp wounds 36
Wounds to the palm of the hand 36
Nose bleeds 36
Ruptured Varicose Vein 37
Bleeding from the ear 37
Bleeding from the mouth 37
Dental Injuries 37
Minor External Bleeding 37
Vaginal Bleeding 38
Internal Bleeding 38
Bruises 38
SECTION 7 UNDERSTANDING 39
Penetrating Chest Wounds 40
Abdominal Wounds 41
Crush Injuries 41
Infection in Wounds 41
SECTION 8 UNDERSTANDING 42
Section 9: Burns, Scalds and the Effects of Heat and Cold on the Body
How to assess a burn 43
Chemical Burns 44
Electric Shock and Electrical Burns 44
The Effects of Heat on the Body 45
Sunburn 45
Heat Exhaustion 45
Heat Stroke 45
Prickly Heat 45
Hypothermia 46
SECTION 9 UNDERSTANDING 47
Blows to the Head 48
Concussions 48
Cerebral Compression 48
Stroke (CVA) 49
Fractured Skull 49
Seizures 50
Minor Epilepsy 50
Major Epilepsy 50
Seizures in Children 51
SECTION 10 UNDERSTANDING 52
Diabetes Mellitus 53
Hypoglycaemia 53
Hyperglycaemia 53
Examining the Eye 54
Irrigating the eye 54
Object under the upper eyelid 54
An object stuck to or embedded in the eye 54
Injuries to the eyeball 54
Bright light injury 55
SECTION 11/12 UNDERSTANDING
What is a poison? 56
Drug poisoning 56
Absorbed poisons 56
Jellyfish sting 57
Insect Sting 57
Weaver Fish sting 57
Food poisoning 57
SECTION 13 UNDERSTANDING 58
Muscles and Joints 59
Strains 59
Sprains 59
Dislocation 59
Fractures 60
Major facial fracture 60
Fracture of the lower jaw 60
Fractured Collar Bone 61
Fractured Arm or Wrist 61
Fractures to the arms and fingers 61
Fractured Pelvis 61
Fractured Ribs 62
Leg Fractures 62
The Knee 63
The Foot 63
Application of an arm support sling 63
Application of an elevated sling 64
Spinal Recovery Position 66
Application of Cervical Neck Collar 67
SECTIONS 14/15/16 UNDERSTANDING 69
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